Denmark and Prussia concluded the Treaty of Malmö during the First Schleswig War.
In March 1848, a revolutionary German-oriented government was formed for Schleswig-Holstein in Kiel, Holstein.
The armistice of Malmö led to fierce protests in Germany, particularly among the revolutionary left.
In their view, Prussia, under pressure from the great powers (Britain and Russia), had abandoned the revolutionary government in Kiel.
When the Imperial Parliament in Frankfurt accepted the treaty, the so-called September riots shook the city.