Army of the Duchy of Warsaw

The Napoleonic customs and traditions resulted in some social tensions, but are generally credited with helpful modernization and useful reforms.

[1][2] In addition, it was filled by older soldiers from the military of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, who responded to the call to arms of Józef Poniatowski, and patriotic youth.

[3] The final recruitment phase was that in the fall and winter of 1813, when the duchy was trying to rally to its own defense in the aftermath of Napoleon's defeat in Russia.

[5] In addition to the Army of the Duchy of Warsaw, Poles also served in other formations allied to France; most notably, the Vistula Legion.

[8] The Army of the Duchy of Warsaw was composed of the following formations: In 1813 several units of light cavalry, the Krakusi (Cracus, or Polish cossacks), were planned; in the end, one regiment was formed.

[8] The French revolutionary and civic traditions, passed through veteran legionnaires, resulted in more motivation of the peasant recruits, compared to the army of the old Commonwealth.

[8] The obligatory time of service was set at 6 years, with any citizens aged 21 to 28 having a chance to be randomly chosen for conscription.