The town is the second largest urban center next to the district headquarters, Thiruvannamalai, and is administered by a selection grade municipality.

The Jagir was continuously headed by the descendants of Bhaskar Pant till the Zamindari Abolition Bill was passed in 1948.

Raja Thirumala IV Rao Sahib built a sophisticated bungalow for his lover, an Anglo-Indian lady, there.

Gandhi's visits aimed at boosting Harijan upliftment and the movement for the boycott of Simon Commission.

A monument situated in the parade ground of the fort commemorates Col. Robert Kelly, who was surveying the Aarani area.

The functions of the municipality are devolved into six departments: General Administration/Personnel, Engineering, Revenue, Public Health, City Planning and Information Technology (IT).

[citation needed] Aarani is the newly created regional transport office in Thiruvannamalai district.

Subsequently, with the efforts of the Minister of Hindu Religious Affairs, Sevoor Ramachandran, created a new Regional Transport Office code, TN 97.

It consists of the taluks of Aarani, Polur, Chetpet, Jamunamarattur, Cheyyar, Vembakkam, Vandavasi and Kalasapakkam.

[22] The Revenue Division was funded by the efforts of the Hindu Religious Affairs Minister, Mr Sevur Ramachandran.

Major revenue is generated from certain businessss: rice production and silk saree weaving.

Though the town is not well known outside Tamil Nadu, a large quantity of India's silk apparels is produced by the people of Aarani.

[23] Aarani is well connected to major cities by road: in 2018 NHAI and Ministry of Road Transport and Highways minister Nitin Gadkari proposed an Eight Lane Green Corridor Express Highway from Chennai to Salem which would connect through Aarani.

The distance is 277.3 km from Chennai to Salem but this project has been facing opposition from locals including farmers over fears of losing their farmland.

There are two bus stops in the town and the TNSTC operates a daily service to major cities in southern Tamil Nadu.

The major inter-city bus routes to towns has predominant bus services to Vellore, Tiruvannamalai, Kanchipuram and Villupuram then Bangalore, Salem, Coimbatore, Tirupur, Erode, Trichy, Thanjavur, Tiruvallur, Tirutani, Tirupathi, Puduchery, Thoothukudi, Chidambaram, Tindivanam, Gingee, Nagapattinam, Madurai, Cuddalore and other cities.

[citation needed] The SETC and TNSTC operates long-distance buses routes to the important cities.

[citation needed] The Tindivanam–Nagari route from the city is planned by the central government to connect trains via Aarani.

The railway station is well connected to cities like Bangalore, Svandpur, Vellore, Katpadi, Kolkata Howrah, Tirupati, Cuddalore, Pondicherry, Mannargudi, Mayavaram, Kumbakonam, Trichy, Dindigul, Madurai, Chennai Central, Arakkonam and Tiruvallur.

The affiliated body of AISECT under MCIT GoI: M/S MTECH Business Solutions (IT Training Division), is present in Aarani.