Dolgopyat won the silver medal in Men's floor representing Israel at the 2024 Paris Olympics.

[6][3][7] He joined the gymnastics team of Maccabi Tel Aviv where he was trained by Israeli coach Sergey Vaisburg.

[12] In August 2014, at the age of 17, Dolgopyat competed in the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics in Nanjing, China, and finished 5th in vault, 7th in floor exercise, and 10th in the individual all-around event.

[17] On 19 September 2015, Dolgopyat competed in 'Grand Prix Osijek' in Croatia, and won the gold medal in floor exercise, scoring 14.800.

[11] On 22 April 2017, Dolgopyat competed for his first time in the European Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, and finished 4th in the floor exercise with a score of 14.33, one place behind bronze medalist Shatilov.

[23] In October 2017, at the 2017 Artistic Gymnastics World Championships held in Montreal, Canada, Dolgopyat won the silver medal in the floor exercise after scoring 14.533, behind Japan's three-time world champion Kenzō Shirai, while competing with an injured right foot.

[2] In August 2018 at the 2018 European Championships in Glasgow, Scotland, he won the silver medal in the floor exercise after scoring 14.466.

[32][33] That year, Dolgopyat also competed at the 2019 European Championships held in Szczecin, Poland, and won the silver medal in the floor exercise after scoring 14.900 in the final[34] At the 2020 European Championships in Mersin, Turkey, he won two medals; gold on the floor exercise with a score of 15.000 and bronze on the vault.

[44] His father said he was ecstatic at his son's success, and then added "No matter what, he could’ve done much better, but we don’t judge the winners.”[44] Israeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett interrupted the weekly Israeli Cabinet meeting and called Dolgopyat, to congratulate him on winning his gold medal.

[46] At the 2022 Senior European Championships in Munich, Germany, he won the gold medal in the floor exercise.

[2] At the 2023 Artistic Gymnastics World Championships in Antwerp, Belgium, he won the gold medal in the floor exercise.