Arthropleuridea is an extinct subclass of myriapod arthropods that flourished during the Carboniferous period, having first arisen during the Silurian, and perishing in the Early Permian.

[1] Members are characterized by possessing diplosegement (fused "double segments", as in modern-day millipedes) paranotal tergal lobes separated from the body axis by a suture, and by sclerotized plates buttressing the leg insertions.

Despite their unique features, recent phylogenetic research suggests Arthropleuridea be included among millipedes in the class Diplopoda.

[citation needed] For this reason, some question Arthropleuridea's inclusion among millipedes because no modern aquatic myriapods are known.

[2][12] Some authors place Arthropleuridea within the Chilognatha, as a sister group to all living Chilognathan millipedes (Pentazonia + Helminthomorpha).