Arthur Alexis Birney (May 28, 1852 – September 4, 1916) was an American lawyer who served as United States Attorney for the District of Columbia from 1893 to 1897.

[1] Birney and his parents moved back to the United States and he attended public schools in Cleveland, Ohio.

[1] In 1893, Birney was appointed by President Benjamin Harrison as United States Attorney for the District of Columbia.

[2] He helped indict Elverton R. Chapman for refusing to answer questions asked by a Senate investigating committee.

[1] Prior to his death, he was counsel on the "home rule" committee that attempted to oust Washington, D.C., commissioner Oliver Peck Newman for not meeting residence requirements.

[1] Birney died of heart failure on September 4, 1916, while playing golf at the Washington Country Club in Virginia.