Shortly after his marriage in 1861 he went out to China together with his wife, arriving in time to witness some of the stirring scenes of the Taiping Rebellion.
[3] They resolved to continue their opposition to the opium traffic, urging Christians in China to arouse public opinion against it.
The desire of the missionaries that their ideas be carried out caused them to form "continuation committees" that were assigned tasks to assure that action would be taken on whatever matters had been approved by the conferences.
In Chinese he published tracts, sermons, a commentary on the Thirty-nine Articles, "A Letter to the Scholars of China," etc., and in English: His brother Handley Moule was the bishop of Durham from 1901 to 1920.
He and Eliza had seven children together while in China: Arthur, Walter, Agnes, Charlotte, Horace, George and Ernest.