Arthur Gilman (June 22, 1837 – December 27, 1909[1] Atlantic City, New Jersey[2]) was an American educator and philanthropist.

His immigrant ancestor Edward Gilman, of Welsh ancestry, emigrated from Norfolk, England, to Boston, Massachusetts, in 1638.

[1] His father's wealth (made in the wholesale grocery trade) paid for Arthur Gilman's education in private schools in St. Louis, Missouri, and Lee, Massachusetts.

Concerned for their daughter's education, in 1879 he and his second wife, Stella Scott Gilman (originally from Alabama), founded Private Collegiate Instruction for Women (familiarly known as the Harvard Annex), of which he became executive officer.

He edited Chaucer's works (The Poetical Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, to which are appended poems attributed to Chaucer; 3 vols., Boston and London, 1879) and other collections, collaborated in several volumes of the “Stories of the Nations” series, and wrote a number of educational works, chiefly historical in character, including: He edited and contributed to: Stella Scott Gilman is the author of Mothers in Council (New York, 1884).