Arthur Orlando Wharton (November 9, 1873 – December 21, 1944) was an American labor union leader.

Arthur began working at the age of thirteen, undertaking an apprenticeship as a machinist with the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway.

In 1915, he was elected as president of the American Federation of Labor's (AFL) Railway Employes' Department.

[1] During World War I, Wharton served on the Committee on Labor of the Advisory Commission of the Council of National Defense.

[1] In 1922, Wharton officially left his AFL post, but he remained active in the Machinists, and in 1926 was elected as the union's president, serving until 1939.