Arthur Rosenberg was born on 19 December 1889 in Berlin to an assimilated Jewish merchant family from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, though he was baptized as a Protestant.
[3] In 1914, Rosenberg proved to be a conformist representative of the German academy, believing in the "ideas of 1914," and signing nationalist petitions.
[4] Rosenberg emerged as an important theoretician for the dissident left wing of the KPD in their ongoing factional struggle with the party leadership headed by Heinrich Brandler and August Thalheimer.
[3] He was regarded as one of the top leaders of the party left in the city of Berlin and was an advocate of the theory that the KPD should pursue a revolutionary offensive against the Weimar state.
The right-wing German speaking newspaper 'New Yorker Staats-Zeitung und Herald' called his death a "hurtful surprise".