Artificial stone

Uses include statuary, architectural details, fencing and rails, building construction, civil engineering work, and industrial applications such as grindstones.

Later, in 1844, Frederick Ransome created a Patent Siliceous Stone, which comprised sand and powdered flint in an alkaline solution.

This was followed by Victoria stone, which comprises three parts finely-crushed Mountsorrel (Leicestershire) granite to one of Portland cement, mechanically mixed and cast in moulds.

[3] Most later types of artificial stone have consisted of fine-aggregate cement concrete placed to set in wooden or iron moulds.

Some factories have developed a special, low-viscosity, high-strength polyester resin to improve hardness, strength, and gloss and to reduce water absorption.

German doorway in cast stone
The South Bank Lion in Coade stone , at the south end of Westminster Bridge , London
A plaque set in the concrete of a sidewalk on Columbia Avenue in Cape May , New Jersey , USA. It reads "Artificial Stone Vulcanite Paving Co, Office 1902 Green St, Philada" [Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA]. It probably dates to the late 19th or early 20th centuries. (The concrete that currently surrounds it is not the original sidewalk.)