[4]: page 112  They traded grains, honey, beer, and tobacco with the pastoral Kisongo Maasai in exchange for livestock, milk, meat, and skins.

[clarification needed][4]: page 113 Arusha was conquered by the Germans in 1896 after the murder of the first two missionaries who attempted to settle on nearby Mount Meru.

[4]: page 113  "The boma was a solid statement, meant to impress German moral and political order on the surrounding countryside.

Set on a rise overlooking the plains, the fortress-like building dominated the surrounding landscape" complete with a machine gun.

[4]: page 113 Many Africans were forcibly displaced from their ancestral lands by the Germans and forced to dig lime or carry stones to construct the fort.

Journalist John Gunther noted at the time that "a loyal tribe, the Waarusha, threatened to take violent countermeasures against the Kikuyus themselves, if the British did not.

[6] In 1994, the UN Security Council decided by its Resolution 955 of 8 November 1994 that Arusha should host the ad hoc International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda.

The establishment of the tribunal with its foreign employees has influenced the local economy of the city increasing the cost of living for residents.

[7] The Tanzanian government intended to declare Arusha a city on 1 July 2006,[8] but this was delayed due to pending municipality boundary adjustments.

Travel by road can be done through privately run coaches (buses) to Nairobi, Dodoma, Babati, Morogoro, Tanga, Mbeya, Singida, Tabora, Mpanda, Kigoma, Mwanza, Bukoba, Iringa, and Dar es Salaam.

It was opened in 1987 as a public museum and displays important assets to the scientific community such as models of Australopithecus people, human ancestors that lived over 2 million years ago.

The Arusha Cultural Heritage Centre is a large privately run art gallery in a striking building, resembling the Guggenheim museum whilst drawing on African symbols (drum, spear, and shield).

The AAFF is connected to the East African Film Festival, which also gives ample opportunity for awards and credit to young filmmakers.

[20] Despite its proximity to the equator, Arusha's elevation of 1,400 metres (4,600 ft) on the southern slopes of Mount Meru keeps temperatures relatively low and alleviates humidity.

It has distinct wet and dry seasons, and experiences an eastern prevailing wind from the Indian Ocean, a few hundred kilometres east.

Areas immediately to the north and northeast of Arusha can see more rain and cooler temperatures due to the influence of Mt.

Higher elevation areas north and northeast of the city are home to farmers growing bananas, coffee, cabbage, potatoes, carrots, leafy greens, and other vegetables.

[23] The "all-comers" record for the fastest marathon performance in Tanzania, 2:13:46, was set at the event by former long-distance runner Benedict Ako on August 1, 1993.

[citation needed] On August 10, 2022, Arusha held the 44th CAF Ordinal General Assembly, which also included the launch of the new Africa Super League.

[citation needed] Arusha was the setting for the 1962 film Hatari!, directed by Howard Hawks and starring John Wayne.

[27] Arusha city has 5 popular gated communities: 1: Dolly Estate - Located at Usa River area focusing on country living.

The first to start a gated community idea in Arusha, this place has beautiful homes, tarmac roads and very quiet.

3: Kwa Mawala - Located at a quiet side of Majengo area near the popular Aim mall, which has Village supermarket, a movie theater and a few eateries.