Asahikawa Station is the central train station for the city of Asahikawa, which is the second largest city in Hokkaido by population after Sapporo.

The station is the terminus for the following JR Hokkaido lines.

With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR Hokkaido.

The first phase of a new elevated station building opened on 10 October 2010.

The entire station complex was completed in Autumn 2011.