It is near the border between the Veneto and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol regions in the foothills of the Alps, approximately equidistant (60 km) from Trento to the west and Vicenza to the south.

The town was the site of a major battle between Austrian and Italian forces on the Alpine Front of World War I.

It is a major ski resort destination, and the site of the Astrophysical Observatory of Asiago, operated by the University of Padua.

Asiago is the birthplace of Italian writer Mario Rigoni Stern, and features prominently in his stories.

The Barenthal, Boscon, Granezza, Magnaboschi and Cavalletto Military Cemeteries at Asiago were designed by Sir Robert Lorimer in 1920.