Aslam ibn Zur'a al-Kilabi

In the period between his two terms, he continued to wield significant influence in the province alongside the governor Sa'id ibn Uthman.

Regarding possession of war booty and tribute, he consistently defended the interests of the Arab tribesmen in Khurasan, who made up the core of the Umayyad Caliphate's forces there and insisted on controlling the funds due to the high costs of their military activity, against the demands of the central government in Syria.

— from the diwan of Tufayl ibn Awf[5]Aslam lived in Basra and was a leading tribesman of the Qays, a faction comprising the Banu Amir and other northern Arabian tribes.

[9] Ubayd Allah had brought back large amounts of war booty and tribute from Khurasan to Mu'awiya to the chagrin of the Arab tribal garrisons.

As Khurasan was a frontier province, the launchpad for conquests and raids in Transoxiana (Central Asia), the garrisons incurred a heavy expense in raising armies and engaging in distant campaigns.

Mu'awiya, encouraged by the sums brought to him by Ubayd Allah, sought to exert closer control of Khurasan's finances and appointed his own loyalist, Ishaq ibn Talha, to take charge of fiscal affairs.

[16] Mu'awiya resolved to restore caliphal authority in Khurasan and appointed Ubayd Allah's brother Abd al-Rahman governor in 679.

Abd al-Rahman dispatched ahead of him Qays ibn al-Haytham al-Sulami, an influential Qaysite leader like Aslam.

Salm recommenced the conquests into Transoxiana and in a likely appeal to the supporters of Aslam in the province, arrested and humiliated Qays ibn al-Haytham.

[18] In 680/81 Ubayd Allah, whose jurisdiction by then spanned Iraq and Khurasan, appointed Aslam at the head of 2,000 troops to eliminate Abu Bilal Mirdas ibn Udayya, a Kharijite leader based in Ahwaz.

[19][20] The Kharijites were generally opposed to Umayyad rule and Abu Bilal and forty of his followers had established themselves in Ahwaz where they collected their own levy from the population in defiance of Ubayd Allah.