Asthana Vidushi

[1] Notable Asthana Vidushis include Bangalore Nagarathnamma,[2] Aruna Sairam, Bombay Sisters,[3] M. S. Sheela,[4] Geetha Raja,[5] as well as Srirangam Gopalaratnam, Shobha Raju, and S. Sowmya.

Epigraphical records attest that courtesans who were well versed in 64 forms of arts were called Vaiseshikas, and many of whom have even donated their wealth to build temples.

[6] In the case of erstwhile Royal house of the Mysore Kingdom performing artists in music and dance considered it a unique honour to be recognized by the Royalty and given the title 'Asthana Vidushi' or Court dancer or musician.

[9] A lower class lady from the scheduled caste belonging to the Banjara tribe, also known as Venkata Lamshamma, became an Astahana Vidhusi for dance and music.

[10] One of the most notable success stories of a courtesan, hailing from humble beginnings, who became an Asthana Vidhushi in the Court of Mysore, was Bangalore Nagarathnamma.