[1][2][3] At the time of the genocide, Seromba was the priest in charge of a Catholic parish at Nyange in the Kibuye province of western Rwanda.
He was convicted of committing genocide due to his providing of key and necessary approval for the bulldozing of his church, where 1,500–2,000 Tutsi were taking refuge, with the intent to not only kill large numbers of people, but specifically to destroy the Tutsi as an ethnic group.
Catholic monks helped him move to Italy, change his name and also helped him work as a priest for the Catholic Church near the city of Florence using the alias Anastasio Sumba Bura.
[5] Under pressure from Carla Del Ponte, the chief UN war crimes prosecutor, Seromba surrendered himself to the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) on February 6, 2002.
On 12 March 2008, the Appeals Chamber of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) decided his responsibility was greater than previously found, affirmed his conviction, and increased his punishment to life in prison.