The women's discus throw was an event at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia.

[1] In the final, Irina Beglyakova broke Nina Ponomaryeva's 4 year old Olympic record with a 51.74m.

In the second round, defending champion Ponomaryeva improved to 51.61m, better than her previous record, to take over silver position.

In a much publicized Olympic romance, Fikotová would marry American hammer throw champion, Hal Connolly.

After moving to the United States, she was refused permission to continue to throw for Czechoslovakia by the country's communist authorities.