It was part of a series of disappearances, cases of torture, extrajudicial executions and other forms of repression employed systematically against left-wing groups from the 1960s to the 1980s, in what became known as the Mexican Dirty War.
[5] On May 17, the parents found out that judicial police were coming to the town in order to take control of the school.
[5] Thus, they decided not to send their children to school[5] the following day and on May 18, they gathered to protest, with teacher Lucio Cabañas acting as speaker.
[3][6] When Cabañas tried to participate in the event, the police intervened to stop him, shooting against the crowd[3][6] and killing at least 5 people, with estimates of up to 11,[3] and wounding several others.
Lucio Cabañas managed to escape and, being under persecution from the authorities, created a guerilla group that operated on the mountains of the Guerrero region for the next seven years, fighting for the improvement of the peasants living conditions and against political repression.