It was built in the sixteenth century to house knights of the Order of Saint John from the langue of Provence.

Auberge de Provence started being  built  between 1571 and 1574 under the direction of the Maltese architect  Girolamo Cassar.

The wing overlooking Strada Carri (now Cart Street) housed the quarters of the Bailiff who was in charge of the Langue.

By 1788, in the context of the financial turmoil caused by the French Revolution, the Langue had to sell the surviving stretch of garden accessible from Strait Street to generate some revenue.

[3] During the early British Period the former auberge was divided into multiple properties and sublet by the colonial government for various purposes.

The frequency of structural alterations to the building steadily increased in the course of the 19th century, although they tended to be on a smaller scale and of a more contained nature.

In 1826, parts of the auberge were leased out to the garrison and maritime officers to serve as a social club where to hold balls and events.

[5] In 1974, the Fine Arts collection was transferred to Admiral House and the auberge became the National Museum of Archaeology.

Research has established that the artist used two very particular pigments, emerald green and chrome yellow, both in the lower and central areas.

Ongoing conservation works have also revealed the signature and date of the artist carrying out restoration after World War II.

In 2013, the Central Bank of Malta issued a new numismatic coin depicting the Auberge de Provence.