The inferior appendages are not half the length of the superior ; they are brown, thick, approximated, and slightly attenuated.

The anal appendages are separated, sub-cylindrical, yellowish, shorter than the last segment, the valves slightly toothed at the tips.[6]A.

[8] Females are similar to the male but with a thicker abdomen which has long thin appendages at the clubbed tip.

[9] The larvae of this species are between 17 and 21 millimetres in length and have a broad head with large eyes, a cylindrical body shape and a rounded tip on the tail gill with no hairs, and three horizontal brown stripes.

[8] It is common for there to be a high rate of mortality due to the moulting adult losing its grip on the substrate and ending up in a body of water where it can drown.

[8] After emergence and maiden flight, young adults mature sexually for several days; during this time there can be quite a high number of dispersals.

[8] Once males reach maturity they venture out to find habitats suitable for breeding and to set their territories where they stay motionless on their established porch for extended periods of time until they are bothered by an intruder.

[8] Early afternoons, the height of reproductive activity, you will see males go chasing after females that fly through their territory.

The mating "wheel" lasts for 10 minutes, and egg-laying generally occurs in tandem; the pair land on a floating piece of vegetation and the female drives a shaft through the stem and into the pith.

Once the nymphs, known as pronaiads, are hatched they begin to search for water so they can moult and release the second larval instar (about 2.3 mm long).

[8] These nymphs are quite active swimmers; once they reach a later stage they roam about on the surface of detritus and vegetation on the bottom of ponds.

[14][15] They eat a range of prey including oligochaetes, rotifers, cyclopoids, copepods, ostracods, Chydorus sphaericus, Simocephalus vetulus elizabethae, water mites, Sigara species, Anisops species, damselfly larvae, and chironomid larvae.

[16] If larvae were put together in high numbers it was noted that they would lose legs or caudal lamellae on occasion in intraspecific interactions.

Natural events, such as droughts, can also cause ponds and streams to dry up with similarly deadly results for larvae and eggs.