[2] The town is located in the central part of the state along Alabama State Route 14, which runs west to east through the center of town, leading east 14 mi (23 km) to Prattville, the Autauga County seat, and west 24 mi (39 km) to Selma.

William Thompson,[3] the first settler in what is now Autaugaville arrived around 1820 and built a gristmill and sawmill on Swift Creek, about three miles upriver from the Alabama River.

A cotton mill opened in 1849 on the banks of Swift Creek, and following upon the model of industrialist Daniel Pratt, the owner constructed housing for its employees, expanding the town.

It grew further when many citizens from nearby Vernon relocated here to escape the floods and diseases to which that town was prone.

Crystal Lake Manufacturing Company makes brooms, mops, and handles in Autaugaville but closed at the end of 2020.

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 795 people, 444 households, and 299 families residing in the town.

Autaugaville, the 2nd Beat of Autauga County was first tabulated in the 1870 census, though it first reported a population in 1850.

In 1960, Autaugaville precinct was changed to census division as part of a general reorganization of counties.