[2][3] Apart from the theoretical concept of ASIA, there no evidence for any causal relationship between adjuvant and autoimmune condition.
[4] A study of 18,000 people showed that there is no merit to the theory of autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants.
[5] Shoenfeld alleges that the syndrome is caused by adjuvants such as silicone, tetramethylpentadecane, pristane, and aluminum.
[6] However, causality is difficult to prove because ASIA only occurs in a small fraction of patients exposed to these adjuvants.
[7] Additionally, proponents of this theory allege that the disorder can manifest anywhere from 2 days to 23 years after exposure.