The first systematized postal communication within the modern-borders of Azerbaijan, was created in 1501 by Ismail I, the shah of Safavid Iran, for improving the economy, protecting the country from enemies, as well as establishing solid state management system, and gathering information from remote areas of the country.

On June 15, 1830, the establishment of a post bureau with the first degree in Shamakhi and Shusha was aimed to develop economic connections between Russia and the South Caucasus.

The first post delivery between the ports of the Transcaucasus and Iran (Rasht and Astarabad) over the Caspian Sea took place in 1861.

On March 15, 1919, the interchange of postal items, money orders, valuable letters and parcels were organized between Azerbaijan and Georgia.

During World War Two, in order to develop the economy and social conditions of people required an increase in postal services.

Thus, at that period postal communication networks increased 9 times and reached 524 compared to 1920 and 402 of them or 76.7% were located in the villages.

In the 1950s compared to the 1940s, interchange of letters increased 140%, parcels 80%, money orders 237%, periodicals 80%, and the number of post boxes grew to 3000.