During World War I guns removed from the obsolete Majestic class were mounted in Lord Clive-class monitors for shore bombardment.

During bombardment service when mounted in the Lord Clive-class monitors deposition of copper from the projectile driving bands needed frequent removal.

The ridge accumulated copper from the driving bands, which could give sufficient retardation to the projectile to start the fuze, which resulted in a premature detonation either within the bore, or soon after leaving the muzzle.

This happened several times during bombardment service, including an occasion when Lord Clive showered pieces of shell over the French destroyer Aventurier.

The ‘steel choke’ restriction could be temporarily removed by rubbing down with an emery-covered block pulled back and forth in the bore, but the only permanent cure was to fit new guns with a modified design of liner, which had a different arrangement of internal shoulders.