The municipality is divided into the following towns: Bocklet is first documented in 1122 in the records of the monastery at Aura an der Saale.

In the Treaty of Pressburg between France and Austria in 1805, the lands of the Bishop of Würzburg were given to Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and he was made Grand Duke of Würzburg, a new state, as a reward for his support of Napoleon.

In 1972, the towns of Aschach bei Bad Kissingen and Großenbrach became part of the municipality, followed in 1978 by Steinach an der Saale.

The Marktgemeinderat (municipal council) of Bad Bocklet has 17 members, including the mayor.

Of those members, 10 were CSU, 3 SPD / Independent Citizens (UB), and 4 Christian Electoral Community as of 2002.