The municipality includes the town itself, and 12 civil parishes (Ortsteile) which were incorporated in 1974: In 1194, Salzdetfurth was mentioned in a document for the first time.

On 22 March 1945, during a heavy air raid on Hildesheim, Bad Salzderfurth was hit by several bombs and two houses in Goettingstrasse were destroyed.

[citation needed] Björn Gryschka (independent politician) was elected the new mayor in January 2019, succeeding Henning Hesse (SPD).

There are many well-preserved half-timbered houses in the old town centre, such as the Miners' Guild Hall dating from 1898, and in the village of Wesseln.

Other interesting village churches and chapels can be seen in Hockeln, Bodenburg, Breinum, Östrum, Wehrstedt and Klein Düngen.

In the west wall a mark, which is 3 metres above ground level, indicates the height of the flood waters of the River Lamme in 1738.