[3] After the Shah took Baghdad, the city and its environs remained in Safavid hands until the Ottomans took the area in 1534 during the Campaign of the Two Iraqs.

In the last years of Aq Qoyunlu Confederation hegemony, the Purnak clan [az] (Persian: پُرناک) supported the claims of Murad ibn Yaqub ibn Uzun Hasan [fa], helping him to maintain an authority in Baghdad;[8] However the Purnak rule in Arabian Iraq survived the Safavid conquest of Diyarbakr by less than twelve months.

In summer 1508, Shah Ismail I (r. 1501–1524) sent an envoy to Barik Beg Purnak, governor of Baghdad and Sultan Murad's commander-in-chief.

Entering the capital of Arabian Iraq in October 1508, Shah Ismail ordered the execution of all Purnak clansmen apprehended in the city.

His deputies presented the key of the city gate to Sultan Suleiman, and thenceforth Baghdad and Arabian Iraq became a dominion of the Ottoman empire, except for brief interludes of Iranian occupation under Abbas I (r. 1588–1629) and Nader Shah (r. 1736–1747).

[14] Furthermore, after the death of Safiqoli, when Bektash Khan, his maternal uncle, succeeded him[15] made considerable repairs to the Baghdad's fortifications that were damaged in the previous sieges.