With Hetauda as its provincial headquarters,[4] the province is also the home to the country's capital Kathmandu, is mostly hilly and mountainous, and hosts mountain peaks including Gaurishankar, Langtang, Jugal, and Ganesh.

Being the second most populous province of Nepal, it possesses rich cultural diversity with resident communities and castes including Thami (Thangmi) (Shneiderman, 2009, 2015; Turin, 1998), Newar, Tamang,Sherpa, Tharu, Chepang, Jirel, Brahmin, Chhetri, and more.

[5] It hosted the highest number of voters in the 2017 election for the House of Representatives and Provincial Assembly.

[6] An inscription dated 477 A.D. describes the river as Bagvati Parpradeshe (Nepali: वाग्वति पारप्रदेशे) and subsequently in the Gopalraj Vanshavali.

[6] A provincial assembly meeting on 12 January 2020 endorsed the proposal to name the province as Bagmati by a majority vote.

The elevation of the province ranges from 141 m at Golaghat in Chitwan District to 7,422m at Ganesh Himal.

The province has an altitude low enough to support deciduous, coniferous, and alpine forests and woodlands.

Bagmati province has climatic variations, which are associated with the diverse nature of its topography and altitude.

Precipitation (mm) During the Lichhavi and Malla period, this region was known as Nepalmandal and was ruled by Newar kings.

[12] Sindhuli Gadhi is an important place in terms of natural beauty and history.

According to the 2021 Nepal Census, Bagmati Province has a population of 6,084,042 comprising 2,761,224 females and 2,672,594 males.

The population density of the province is 300 people per square kilometre which is the second highest in the country.

Tharu (1.63%), Dewas Rai (1.52%), Damai (1.36%), Sarki (1.33%) and Chepang (1.16%) are other smaller ethnic groups in the province.

The government of Nepal has set out a minimum criteria to meet cities and towns.

Candidates for each constituency are chosen by the political parties or stand as independents.

The current constitution specifies that sixty percent of the members should be elected from the first past the post system and forty percent through the party-list proportional representation (PR) system.

The Provincial Assembly is currently housed at the Regional Education Directorate in Hetauda.

According to the National Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) 2016, the Province's Neonatal Mortality (per 1000 live births) stands at 17 and Infant mortality rate (per 1000 live births) stands at 29, both of which are below the national average of 21 and 32, respectively.

Enrollment rate in primary school in the province is 95.79, whereas adult literacy stands at 74.85%.

There are a total of 405 newspaper channels in Bagmati Province with national, Provincial and local outreach.

However, people living in the high-altitude regions of Rasuwa, Sindhuplachok and Dolakha experience difficulty accessing roadways perennially.