Cherek: "Their armed gathering of more than 2,000 horsemen and as many as pedestrians can be heard, with the help of the Balkars held in two fortified gorges at the foot of the snowy mountains, is locked by me."

Yermolov told Major General Stal: "I'm sure, Your Excellency, that you will visit them if they continue to rob and don't want to evict"[9] And so, in 1828, the village of Nezlobnaya was brought together by fugitive Kabardians, Karachays, Balkars and other outer Kubans, on the way back a detachment of highlanders met with imperial forces, and there was a battle, in Georgi Emmanuel's report about these events it is written: "At the same time, I dare to witness to V.I.V.

the excellent courage shown by all our troops, who were in this case, against the selected only in a large number of mountaineers, who were in shells and fought with incredible effort, attacking artillery, such examples have never happened before"[10] In the same year, Emmanuel undertook an expedition to Karachay, the expedition lasted from October 17 to 29, a contingent was introduced into Karachay, the strength of which was more than 3,000 combat units with 15 guns, the final battle took place on October 20 near the village of Kart-Jurt.

To this end, Sefir Bey, the most prominent of their princes, Judge Haji-Oku Mehmet and other influential and high-ranking persons went on a tour of the provinces.

Everywhere they were met by a meeting of special representatives who, under oath, committed themselves on behalf of their communities to remain faithful to each other and reject all conditions of obedience, whatever they may be and what Russia may offer, unless they are authorized by their general approval.

The league, of which Sefir Bay was appointed ambassador, consisted of the following twelve provinces: Natuhach, Shapsug, Abaza, Psadug, Temirgoy, Khatukoy, Makosh, Besni, Bashilbay, Teberdekh, Braki and Karachay.

According to their situation, the Karachay people can contribute a lot to ensuring the tranquility of the neighborhoods of Mineralnye Vody and Kabarda, in order to have time to convince them to this, I allowed the staff captain Prince Shakhovsky to promise them that their former Amanates will be returned if they again express submission on favorable terms for us.

If predatory parties break through below the Marzhisina River, the nearest military authorities are obliged to notify the Karachay bailiff so that he can take appropriate measures to assist in case of persecution of predators by Russian troops.

[13] In the following years, the Karachays and the Balkars secretly kept in touch with the Kubans, so the English official Edmund Spencer says, who visited the Western Caucasus in 1836 while visiting one of the representatives of the mountain tribes hostile to Russia, who lived in close proximity to Sukhum-Kale, Pitsunda and Bomborami, noted: "...Due to the increased blockade, the Circassians began to purchase this product (meaning gunpowder) from Karachay, or as they are called by the Circassian Knights, Karshaga-Kushkha (Black Tatars), whose mountains abundantly give sulfur and sanitrate: their gunpowder is beautiful and strong, but because of the difficulty of its transportation through the snowy mountains, Circassian warriors prefer, except in cases of urgent need for immediate delivery, to buy it from the Turks in exchange for their own products"[14] Also, British agent James Bell, being with the Shapsugs, on the territory of present-day Sochi in 1837, writes: "Every man (I could say every child) had a gun: the best, as I was told, are delivered from an area called Karachay, in the upper Kuban"[15] Note: only one Shapsugs exceeded the Karachay people at that time by almost 100 times, but they told two British agents where they get guns and gunpowder, so it was important.

The position chosen by the Karachay people is very well described by Apollo Shpakovsky: "The head of the right flank, Major General Evdokimov, in November 1851, undertook an enhanced reclamation to the upper reaches of the rivers: Big and Small Tegeney... Priteginsky auls ... were in friendly relations with the Karachays, a strong, predatory and militant tribe, only by the name "peaceful and submissive".

Karachay, surrounded by an almost impregnable chain of mountains, was an extremely important strategic point for the highlanders, and the Tegin auls served him from the Kuban, Zelenchuks and Laba as advanced strong outposts against our sudden invasions.

Through them, the Karachays always learned about the misfortune that threatened them in time and deftly knew how to remove the well-deserved punishment, protecting themselves with the guise of a "peaceful and submissive people" and blaming all their frauds on non-peaceful Pritegins.

In addition, in June 1851, a crowded people's assembly was held at the Shapsugs and Natuhais, at which the issue of trust in Muhammad-Amin was resolved... most of the gathered dissociated themselves from him.

On August 25, in the area of Hasauka, there was a battle between the united armed detachments of Karachays, Balkars, outer Kuban Adyghes, Nogais, Abazin and tsarist troops under the command of the General Kozlovsky.

I write in this letter the names of those Karachay residents who, as they say, called for the enemy: Mohammed Crimea Shavkalov, Aslan Murza Dudov, Shamakha Dudov, Badra Crimea Shavkalov, Adil Karabashev and Kuba Efendi"[17] Theophilus Lapinsky, who lived and fought among the Circassians from 1857 to 1859, had weight and connections with the leaders of the resistance, also of the same opinion: "Now we will consider the attitude of residents to the Russian government.

Secondly, the peoples who recognize the supreme power of the Tsar and supply the militia to serve Russia, but pay little or no taxes, obey their own laws, have not laid down their weapons and only tolerate Russian domination.

Thirdly, peoples, either only nominally recognizing the sovereignty of the tsar, or only having concluded a kind of truce with the Russians, do not pay taxes and do not supply the police; their raids should be held back by force.

These are the southern Abazas, Svanets, Ossetians, small tribes of Samurzakans, Besleneys, Karachays and Elbrus Tatars, Eastern Caucasians, and Imam Shamil's associates - Kumyks, Chechens, Avars, and Lezgins.

Fourthly, peoples in a state of war, against which the Russian Army is currently operating with all its might and about which the reader will find in this work as accurate a possible description.

Starting on 8 March 1944 and finishing the following day, the NKVD loaded 37,713 Balkars onto 14 train echelons bound for Central Asia and Siberia.

The Stalin regime placed the exiled Balkars under special settlement restrictions identical to those that it had imposed upon the deported Russian-Germans, Kalmyks, Karachais, Chechens and Ingush.

Organs of mass culture, secondary school texts, newspapers, and magazines in both Balkar and Russian continue to increase in number.