Hans Thomas Hengelbrock (born 9 June 1958) is a German violinist, musicologist, stage director and conductor.

He worked as an assistant to Witold Lutosławski, Mauricio Kagel and Antal Doráti and played with ensembles such as the Concentus Musicus Wien.

In 1985, he cofounded the Freiburger Barockorchester, where he worked as a violinist and a leader of the ensemble.

Subsequently, in 1995, he established the Balthasar Neumann Ensemble as a parallel orchestra with its namesake choir, to perform works from Baroque to contemporary music in Historically informed performances.

In June 2017, the orchestra announced that Hengelbrock is to conclude his tenure with the ensemble at the close of the 2018–2019 season.