The prime jurisdiction of it is the Writ Jurisdiction, pursuant to which it is empowered under article 102 of the Constitution of Bangladesh to issue writ of certiorari, mandamus, quo warranto, prohibition and habeas corpus.

With the construction of a larger facility in the 1960s nearby that now houses the Supreme Court of Bangladesh and Attorney General's office, the High Court was shifted from Old House on 10 July 1967.

On 9 January 1972, Bangladesh enacted the Supreme Court of Judicature Act to regularize the judicial system.

The High Court Division will deal with original cases, appeals and other judicial functions.

Also, under Article 102 of the Constitution of Bangladesh, writ petitions and company and army divisions have original jurisdiction in certain limited cases.