[1] The Second French Republic enacted legislation on 11 July 1851 that created a framework for the establishment of colonial banks, partly as a response to the economic consequences of the end of slavery in France in 1848.
In correspondence with the Comptoir National d'Escompte de Paris in mainland France, the bank was long controlled by the dominant local group of white creole businesspeople known as usiniers as they controlled the sugar factories (French: usines à sucre) that were the core of the island's economy.
[2] The bank lost its issuance privilege in the turmoil of World War II, when the Caisse Centrale de la France d'Outre-Mer (CCFOM) was designated as monetary authority for the island and other French Caribbean territories on 1 July 1944.
In 1967, the Banque de la Guadeloupe merged with its peer in Martinique and with Union-Banque.
[4] In stages between 2014 and 2016, the BDAF was taken over by the Caisse d'Épargne Provence Alpes Corse (CEPAC), a cooperative member bank of Groupe BPCE based in Marseille, of which it became a fully owned subsidiary.