The Banu Israil or Bani Israili are a Muslim community of Jewish origin.
They should not be confused with the Bene Israel, a Jewish community found in western India.
They are largely an urban community, occupying distinct quarters in a number of towns and cities in western Uttar Pradesh, such as Banu Israilyan in Aligarh.
Quite a few of them occupied important administrative positions under both the Sultanate of Delhi and its successor, the Mughal Empire.
This was especially true of the Banu Israil of Aligarh, where the community were the heredity kotwals, a post which entailed being both the head of police and garrison commander.