Barilium is a genus of iguanodontian dinosaur which was first described as a species of Iguanodon (I. dawsoni) by Richard Lydekker in 1888, the specific epithet honouring the discoverer Charles Dawson, who collected the holotype during the 1880s.

[2] Later in 2010, Kenneth Carpenter and Yusuke Ishida independently assigned it to the new genus Torilion,[3] which is thus a junior objective synonym of Barilium.

It is known from two partial skeletons found near St Leonards-on-Sea in East Sussex, England,[4] from the middle Valanginian-age Lower Cretaceous Wadhurst Clay.

A contemporary of Hypselospinus (also once thought to be a species of Iguanodon), Barilium was a robust iguanodontian estimated at 8 metres (26 feet) long.

[6] Barilium is separated from Hypselospinus on the basis of vertebral and pelvic characters, size, and build.