On his death in 1697, the earldom was inherited by his nephew, Charles and the barony was inherited by his only child, Mary, the estranged wife of the 7th Duke of Norfolk.
When she died childless in 1705, the barony was also inherited by Charles, who had also been created Earl of Monmouth.
On the death of the 5th Earl of Peterborough in 1814, the title passed to his elder half-sister, Mary.
When she died childless in 1819, the title then passed to the 4th Duke of Gordon, who was a maternal great-grandson of the 3rd Earl of Peterborough.
The title was then inherited by the 5th Duke of Gordon in 1827 and when he died without legitimate issue in 1836, the title became abeyant between his sisters (Charlotte Lennox, Duchess of Richmond; Susan Montagu, Duchess of Manchester; Georgiana Russell, Duchess of Bedford; Louisa Cornwallis, Marchioness Cornwallis; and Lady Madeline Palmer) and their issue.