Basalt fiber

Further processing of BCF into materials is carried out using "cold technologies" with low energy costs.

The molten rock is then extruded through small nozzles to produce continuous filaments of basalt fiber.

Thicker fiber is used in filament winding, for example, for production of compressed natural gas (CNG) cylinders or pipes.

Comparison: [citation needed] The first attempts to produce basalt fiber were made in the United States in 1923 by Paul Dhe who was granted U.S. patent 1,462,446.

These were further developed after World War II by researchers in the US, Europe and the Soviet Union especially for military and aerospace applications.

According to paragraph 1.1. the standard extends to all types of non-metallic fibers (polymers, polypropylene, glass, basalt and carbon).