The combat of Dourados or Combat of the Military Colony of Dourados was a confrontation between a Brazilian garrison of fifteen men and a Paraguayan column with 3,500 soldiers, fought on December 29, 1864, in the current city of Antônio João, Mato Grosso do Sul, during the Paraguayan War.

There was a small garrison defending it, under the command of Lieutenant Antônio João Ribeiro.

The Paraguayans supposedly offered the garrison the opportunity to surrender, however, the Brazilian commander refused the proposal.

In the combat that then ensued, the lieutenant and all his fourteen men died, with the Paraguayans occupying the military colony.

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