Bangkaeo Campaign

Thai sources stated that, in 1774, Hsinbyushin sent additional troops of 5,000 Burmese men[3] to Martaban and ordered Mingyi Kamani Sanda to conduct the invasion of Siam.

[3] This incident prompted the massive immigration of Mon people from Martaban into Siam through Mae Lamao and Three Pagoda Passes in their escape from persecutions by the Burmese.

[1] In November 1774, Hsinbyushin ordered Maha Thiha Thura, the renown general from the Sino-Burmese War, to conduct the new invasion of Siam.

Before leaving to the north, Taksin assigned a Siamese troop of 2,000 men[5] to guard against possible Burmese incursion from the Mae Lamao Pass.

King Hsinbyushin ordered Minye Zeyakyaw, the former custodian of the executed Binnya Dala, and his regiment to join the Siamese campaigns under Maha Thiha Thura at Martaban.

[1] When Maha Thiha Thura learned about Siamese military activities at Tak, he chose to send an expeditionary force to invade the unprepared Western Siam through the Three Pagodas Pass.

However, Minye Zeyakyaw rejected the plan, saying that the force was too small to confront the large Siamese army at the difficult passage and the mission itself was suicidal.

[1] Maha Thiha Thura argued that the remoteness and geography of the mountain pass could not sustain enough food and provisions to feed a large army.

[1] Satpagyon Bo and his second-in-command Uttama Thinka Kyaw led the Burmese army of 3,000 men[1] from Martaban to invade Western Siam in February 1775.

[5] Taksin also ordered Chaophraya Chakri, who had been in Chiangmai to protect the city against possible Burmese attacks, to bring the northern troops down south to defend the west.

[5] Satpagyon Bo and Uttama Thinka Kyaw encamped the Burmese army at Bangkaeo (in modern Nangkaeo, Photharam district), about twenty kilometers to the north of Ratchaburi town.

[5] The royal fleet left Chao Phraya River and rested at Samut Sakhon before proceeding to Ratchaburi, where he took over his son's commanding position at Khok Kratai.

King Taksin then ordered the Siamese to completely encircle the Burmese camp at Bangkaeo in three layers without any loopholes with death penalty to any commanders who failed.

Taksin ordered Phraya Ramanwong Madawt to bring his Mon regiment to station at Khao Cha-Ngum to halt possible Burmese relief forces from Kanchanaburi.

He then assigned his son Prince Chui and his Chinese general Phraya Rachasetthi Chen Lian to take position in Ratchaburi town to guard against possible Burmese attacks[5] from Tavoy.

At this stage, the Burmese troops were distributed across Western Siam as follows;[5] Northern armies eventually arrived at the battlefield of Ratchaburi in Late February 1775.

King Taksin then sent Phraya Ram Talakleb, adorned with the honor of noble umbrella and a riding horse,[3] to meet with Satpagyon Bo.

Taksin proposed to levy troops from the Southern Siamese cities of Chanthaburi, Chumphon, Nakhon Si Thammarat and Phatthalung in preparation for the upcoming war.

[3] In March 1775, King Taksin sent his message, through Uttama Thinka Kyaw, that if Satpagyon Bo continued resisting he would attack and kill the Burmese commander.

After many negotiation maneuvers, Satpagyon Bo the Burmese commander at Bangkaeo, finally capitulated on March 31, 1775,[3] after forty-seven days of being encircled.

Due to the deteriorating situation on the Burmese part, Minye Yannaung decided to give up Kanchanaburi and retreated his main armies back to Martaban in April 1775.

[3] King Taksin ordered Phraya Yommaraj Mat, the head of Nakhonban or Police Bureau, to round up all the Burmese surrendered personnel and brought them captives to be imprisoned in Thonburi.

King Taksin also rewarded the princes with Krom titles for their leaderships in the campaign;[3] Minye Yannaung returned to Martaban and reported the war results to his superior Maha Thiha Thira.

[1] Maha Thiha Thura reported to King Hsinbyushin at Ava that Minye Zeyakyaw had disobeyed his orders and withdrawn his troops to Martaban, resulting in the failure of Satpagyon Bo at Bangkaeo.

[1] Minye Zeyakyaw was stripped of his noble title, becoming a common man named Nga Hmon,[1] and sent to Maha Thiha Thura to procure punishments according to his nemesis' wish.

Six months after the Bangkaeo Campaign, in October 1775, Maha Thiha Thura himself led the Burmese armies of 35,000 men[3] to invade Northern Siam through the Mae Lamao Pass.

King Taksin then had Satpagyon Bo and Uttama Thinka Kyaw, along with other former Burmese commanders, executed at Wat Suwannaram in Bangkok Noi.

Binnya Sein ( Mon : ဗညာစိင် Thai : พระยาเจ่ง ; Phraya Jeng ), led an attempted rebellion against Burma in 1774 and took residence in Siam. He later became Chaophraya Mahayotha the commander of Mon regiment for King Rama I .
Bangkaeo Campaign: Burmese Invasion of Western Siam.
Green represents Burmese routes.
Red represents Siamese counter-offensives.
Mon immigrants in Ratchaburi later founded the Bhardaw ( Mon : ဘာဒေါဝ်) or Peato Temple in Photharam district in the Early Rattanakosin Period . The temple was later named Wat Khongkharam . [ 8 ]