In the late 1980s, the SNM intensified its insurgency against the regime of President Siad Barre, seeking autonomy for the northern regions.

SNM fighters infiltrated the city from multiple directions, targeting key military installations and government facilities.

The surprise attack led to the swift capture of significant portions of the city, although some areas, including the airport, remained under government control.

The Somali National Army (SNA) launched counter-offensives involving heavy artillery and aerial bombardments, resulting in widespread destruction and significant civilian casualties.

Despite initial successes, SNM forces eventually withdrew from Hargeisa due to the overwhelming firepower of government troops.