It was commissioned by and painted under the supervision of Grand Crown Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski, who achieved victory in the Battle of Klushino on 4 July 1610, where he defeated the Russo-Swedish forces.

The painting Battle of Klushino was created on the commission of Stanisław Żółkiewski, intended to be placed in St. Lawrence's Church in Zhovkva, which was conceived as his family mausoleum and a monument to the glory of Polish arms.

The painting offered a more credible and accessible way to commemorate the military success compared to a written account,[7] especially since it was created under the guidance of the Hetman himself, following his suggestions.

[10] One piece of evidence supporting Boguszowicz's authorship is a letter from Żółkiewski to the authorities of Lviv, dated 20 May 1620, in which the Hetman requested a temporary release for the painter from his civic duties in order to focus on the commission in Zhovkva (the content of the work was not mentioned).

[2] The battle is depicted from a high vantage point, almost as if seen "from the sky", in a simultaneous view (showing a sequence of events) that spans the entire battlefield.

[8] On the left side of the painting, Polish forces are depicted, with their banners arranged in a checkerboard formation, extending into multiple lines.

[19] In the center of the painting, a burning village is shown, and the hussar banners charge towards the enemy in a compact formation with lowered lances.

Stanisław Żółkiewski is depicted in front of the burning village, not as a triumphant leader towering over others, but as one among his cavalry, only slightly standing out from the soldiers.

The Hetman, mounted on a bay horse, is distinguished by his golden hussar helmet, red żupan, and the bulawa he holds, pointing towards the direction of attack.

[8][19] On the left side of the allied forces, Russian boyars are depicted, wearing pointed hats or helmets and long coats.

The upper part of the painting features the Latin inscription Dextera Domini Fecit Virtutem, which translates to "The hand of the Lord has made strength".

[8] This inscription reads:[22]To defeat at Klushino the largest Russian and foreign allied armies, during the reign of Sigismund III of Poland and King of Sweden, under the leadership and command of Stanisław Żółkiewski, at that time the Voivode of Kyiv and the Hetman of the Crown, later the Great Chancellor and Hetman, in the year of our Lord 1610, on the 4th of July.The painting was placed in St. Lawrence's Church in Zhovkva as intended.

[1][6][26] Critics have noted its provincial and amateurish characteristics, evident in its schematic presentation of the battle, lack of cohesive integration, and awkward execution, such as representing military units as blocks of heads with full figures only visible in the foreground.

[27] These shortcomings were attributed to Žółkiewski's restrictive instructions, the painter's lack of firsthand experience of the battle, and limited access to its detailed plans.

[18][28] The straightforwardness and schematic approach help viewers imagine the battle’s events, subordinating artistic aspects to the rules of military representation.