It consists of 1,572 square kilometres (607 sq mi) of "knob and kettle" terrain, containing many glacial moraines and depressions filled with small lakes.
The Sarcee are the first ethnic group known to have inhabited the region in the period after European contact (and thus the beginning of a written historical record).
[5] The Cree pursued an economy based around trapping and trading with Euro-Canadian fur companies as well as the more traditional forms of hunting gathering, and fishing.
David Thompson's map of 1814 mentions the hills prominently as place of refuge for both the Sarcee and Cree.
[6] This is one of oldest protected areas in Canada, having originally been a forest reserve set aside by the federal Department of the Interior in 1892, during the homesteading era.
[7][8] In 2002 the Beaver Hills Initiative was created to coordinate land-use planning in the municipalities in the area surrounding the protected parks.