[3][4][5][6] Recent research has revealed that the core purpose of Taylor's time studies was to produce Unit-Times data, as espoused in his Shop Management (1903)[7] and Concrete Costs (1912), which he co-authored with Sanford E.
[9][12] Building on Taylor's Unit-Times, and his experience at Emerson Consulting, Bedaux introduced the practice of rating assessment.
[9][13][14][15][16] The Bedaux B, and units derived from it such as the Rowntree Mark and the Urwick, Orr & Partners Point, led to improvements in the comparability of employee and departmental efficiency,[12] as well as labor and activist disputes about the purpose and practices of time studies and the B.
[9] Bedaux's claims to originality in making this innovation remain a topic of debate.
[9] British Standard 3138 was reissued in 1979 and 1992, and remains in daily use in job evaluations today.