[3] He came to the United States as an exchange student, he was a fellow at Brown University.

[4] After the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, in 1992, he founded the literary journal 傾向 (Tendency).

He launched a literary magazine named Tendency in 1993 as a platform for young underground writers' talents.

[6] On August 13, 2000, he was detained for 14 days at the Qinghe Detention Center, and charged with "illegal publication."

[12] In 2016, he was prominent in the campaign to preserve freedom of expression in Hong Kong after the Causeway Bay Books disappearances, one of whom was Gui Minhai, his friend since the 1980s.