Belmont Township was organized in 1867, and named for an early settler.

22.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

About 4.4% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.8% of those under the age of eighteen and 8.2% of those 65 or over.

Belmont Township is located in Minnesota's 1st congressional district, represented by Mankato educator Tim Walz, a Democrat.

At the state level, Belmont Township is located in Senate District 22, represented by Republican Doug Magnus, and in House District 22B, represented by Republican Rod Hamilton.