Foley has earned the nickname "the iceman" after successful game winning penalty goals, 2 August 2014,[1] 18 October 2015.

[2] Foley has had a vast amount of experience in rugby and played at a variety of differing teams and competitions both domestically and internationally.

Foley has played for the amateur club team Sydney University since 2012, who compete annually in the state-based competition the Shute Shield.

Helping the Waratahs to a smooth six-try bonus point victory (43–21) over the Perth-based Western Force at Allianz Stadium, Sydney.

[7] Between rounds 5 and 11 Foley scored one try, ten conversions, and sixteen penalty goals (73 points) against the Brumbies, Rebels, Sharks, Stormers, Force, Bulls and the Blues.

Foley kicked one conversion and three penalty goals (11 points), and the Waratahs ran out 26 to 8 winners to host their first ever Super Rugby final.

In the seventy-ninth minute of the 2014 Super Rugby Final, Foley kicked a 45-metre penalty goal to win the game 33–32 in front of 61,823.

[12][13] The contract enabled him to play two seasons of rugby in Japans Top League, whilst remaining eligible to represent Australia.

2017 was one of the most unsuccessful seasons in Australian Super Rugby history, which also took a toll on both Foley's success on the field and the New South Wales Waratahs.

Foley kicked three conversions and two penalty goals for a total score of fourteen points in a 34–17 victory at home.

[19] The following round Foley scored fifteen points after he kicked one penalty goal and six conversions against the Sunwolves in Tokyo.

[20] The Waratahs played Australian conference rivals the Queensland Reds at the Sydney Cricket Ground in round 9.

[25] Leading towards the Super Rugby finals, the Waratahs won three and lost two with Foley scoring fifty seven points.

[26][27][28][29][30] In the Super Rugby Qualifying final, Foley played an important role in the Waratahs' hopes of winning.

He played less than fifteen minutes before scoring his first international try in a seven-try victory in Rosario, Argentina under head coach Ewen McKenzie.

[42][43] Foley started all three games at fly-half and scored a total of thirty-two points (ten conversions, four penalty goals).

His link up play as a number ten with the other players around him showed just how important he was to the Wallabies and his ability to stay calm during the big moments throughout 2015.

[46][47] Foley's second game in his first Rugby World Cup campaign came against England and was one of his best performances on the international stage.

Australia ran out 13–33 winners at Twickenham, knocking England out of the World Cup and sending themselves and Wales through to the quarterfinals.

Foley managed to kick over an eighty-minute penalty goal to win the game for Australia in the wet conditions and send them through to the semifinals.

Despite only kicking two conversions and one penalty goal against the number one ranked team in the world, Foley finished equal third top point scorer with man of the match, Dan Carter.

[62] Foley and teammates alike, specifically the scrum-half, Will Genia, were heavily criticised after the game for their poor performance, contributing to the loss.

Foley's brother, Conor, plays as a running back for the Australia national American football team.