Reactivation of the fault during the Alleghenian Orogeny caused further separation of underlying rock deposited during the middle and late Paleozoic era.

[1] During the American Civil War, a Between the Hills resident, John Mobberly, gained notoriety as a Confederate guerrilla.

In late November-early December 1864 much of the Between the Hills valley was put to the torch by Union cavalry during The Burning Raid, including Potts Mill, the ruins of which can be seen from off Stony Point Road.

Confederate partisan John Mosby and his Rangers suffered their first defeat in the valley and along the eastern slopes of the Blue Ridge in the Battle of Loudoun Heights, fought on January 1, 1864.

Scheel, Eugene M. Loudoun Discovered: Communities, Corners and Crossroads, Vol V. Waterford, The German Settlement and Between the Hills.