[1] This railway division was formed on 5 November 1951 and its headquarter is located at Bikaner in the state of Rajasthan of India.

In 1882, a 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) wide metre gauge line from Marwar Junction to Pali was built by the Rajputana Railway.

The Jodhpur–Bikaner line was extended to Bathinda in 1901–02 to connect it with the metre gauge section of the Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway and the meter gauge of North Western Railway Delhi–Fazilka line via Hanumangarh.

[4] In 1926, the workshop at Bikaner (Lalgarh) was set up to carry out periodic overhauling of metre gauge coaches and wagons.

[15] The line passed through Muktasar and Fazilka tehsils and provided direct connection through Samma Satta (now in Pakistan) to Karachi.