[11][12] Examples of its public lobbying efforts, include support for development of biofuels such as those produced from algae,[13] genetically modified crops,[14] strong intellectual property rights,[15] and for a more efficient and predictable regulatory process for new food and drug products.

[17][18] It is a member of The Alliance to Feed the Future, an umbrella network, the mission of which is to "raise awareness and improve understanding of the benefits & necessity of modern food production and technology in order to meet global demand".

[6] BIOs members include companies that make pharmaceutical drugs, biofuels, industrial enzymes, and genetically modified crops, as well as healthcare facilities that participate in clinical trials and biopharmaceutical research.

[23] After Congressman Greenwood's 15 years of service, the BIO board announced scientist and former FDA regulator Michelle McMurry-Heath would become president and CEO as of 1 June 2020[update].

[24] McMurry-Heath was placed on leave sometime prior to October 6, 2022, reportedly as a result of disagreements with a small but influential group of board members who wanted the organization to use its clout to advance social issues not directly connected to its industry interests.