The first recorded bishop appears in the late 7th century as a witness to Adomnán of Iona's Cáin Adomnáin.
Indeed, the Cáin Adomnáin indicates that in the reign of Bruide mac Der Ilei, king of the Picts, the bishop of Rosemarkie was the only significant figure in Pictland other than the king.
The bishopric is located conveniently close to the heartland of Fortriu, being just across the water from Moray.
However, in the High and Later Middle Ages, the bishopric was only of medium-to-low status in the Scottish church.
The Bishopric's links with Rome ceased to exist after the Scottish Reformation, but continued, saving temporary abolition between 1638 and 1661, under the episcopal Church of Scotland until the Revolution of 1688.